(Turkish: طغرا ). (Also spelled: tugra). The calligraphic signature of an Ottoman sultan, consisting of the sultan’s names and titles. The tughra was inscribed on official documents and correspondence to authenticate them. Pronunciation here. Videos here and here.

Tughra of Suleyman the Magnificent. Ink, watercolor and gold on paper. Ottoman. Ca. 1555-60. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.